Physical Development

At 12 months, many babies are working on their gross motor skills. Some may already be walking independently, while others are cruising along furniture or taking tentative steps. Every baby develops at their own pace, so don’t worry if your child isn’t walking yet.

Fine motor skills are also improving. You might notice your baby picking up small objects with their thumb and forefinger, turning pages in board books, or trying to stack blocks. These activities not only build coordination but also strengthen their muscles.

Tip: Encourage physical development with toys that promote movement, like push walkers, and provide plenty of safe spaces for exploration.

Cognitive and Language Skills

This month, your baby is becoming more curious about how the world works. They may start experimenting with cause and effect by dropping objects repeatedly to see your reaction (as exhausting as that might be!). Their memory and problem-solving skills are growing, too, so don’t be surprised if they figure out how to open a cabinet or reach for an out-of-sight toy.

Language development is taking off as well. Many babies will say their first words around this age, like “mama,” “dada,” or “ball.” Even if they aren’t saying words yet, they’re likely babbling with intent, mimicking sounds, and understanding simple commands like “come here” or “give me.”

Tip: Talk, sing, and read to your baby often. Encourage them to repeat sounds and words, and respond enthusiastically when they do.

Emotional and Social Growth

Your baby is becoming more social and expressive. They might wave goodbye, clap their hands, or point to show you something. You’ll also notice stronger attachments forming, especially to you and other familiar caregivers. This can sometimes lead to separation anxiety, which is completely normal at this stage.

They’re also learning about emotions and may mimic your facial expressions or react to your tone of voice. This is a great time to model empathy and kindness. 

Tip: Comfort your baby during moments of anxiety, and create routines to help them feel secure. Celebrate their social milestones, like waving or clapping, with plenty of praise.

Eating and Sleeping

By now, your baby is likely eating a variety of solid foods and drinking less formula or breast milk. They may even start trying family meals in small, manageable pieces. Keep offering a balanced diet, including fruits, vegetables, proteins, and whole grains.

Sleep patterns might still be shifting. Most 12-month-olds need about 11–14 hours of sleep in a 24-hour period, including one or two naps.

Tip: If you’re transitioning to cow’s milk (for those who are weaning), introduce it gradually and ensure your baby still gets essential nutrients from food. Stick to consistent bedtime routines to support healthy sleep habits.